Mufananidzo weNheyo yeSolar Panels
Mufananidzo weNheyo yeSolar Panels
Simba rezuva ndiro manyuko esimba rakanakisisa nokuda kworudzi rwomunhu, uye hunhu hwaro husingapere uye hunogona kuitwazve hunoratidza kuti richava manyuko esimba akachipa uye anoshanda zvikurusa nokuda kworudzi rwomunhu. Solar panel isimba rakachena pasina kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Dayang Optoelectronics yakagadzira nekukurumidza mumakore achangopfuura, ndiyo inonyanya kusimba nzvimbo yekutsvagisa, uye zvakare ndeimwe yemapurojekiti epamusoro-soro.
Iyo nzira yekugadzira solar panels inonyanya kuve yakavakirwa pane semiconductor zvinhu, uye yayo kushanda musimboti kushandisa photoelectric zvinhu kutora chiedza chiedza mushure photoelectric conversion reaction, zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa, zvinogona kukamurwa kuva: silicon-based solar cells uye nhete. -firimu masero ezuva, nhasi kunyanya kutaura newe nezve-silicon-based solar panels.
Kutanga, silicon solar panels
Silicon solar cell inoshanda musimboti uye dhizaini dhiyabhorosi Iyo musimboti wesolar cell simba rekugadzira ndiyo inonyanya kuita photoelectric mhedzisiro yemasemiconductors, uye chimiro chikuru chesemiconductors ndeichi:
Chaji yakanaka inomiririra atomu resilicon, uye chaja isina kunaka inomiririra maerekitironi mana anotenderera atomu resilicon. Kana iyo silicon crystal yakasanganiswa nedzimwe tsvina, senge boron, phosphorus, nezvimwewo, kana boron yawedzerwa, pachava negomba musilicon crystal, uye kuumbwa kwayo kunogona kureva nhamba inotevera:
Chaji yakanaka inomiririra atomu resilicon, uye chaja isina kunaka inomiririra maerekitironi mana anotenderera atomu resilicon. Yero inoratidza yakabatanidzwa boron atomu, nekuti kune maerekitironi matatu chete akatenderedza atomu yeboron, saka inoburitsa gomba rebhuruu rinoratidzwa mumufananidzo, rinova risina kugadzikana nekuti hapana maerekitironi, uye zviri nyore kutora maerekitironi uye kuita neutralize. , kugadzira P (positive) mhando semiconductor. Saizvozvovo, kana maatomu efosforasi akaiswa, nekuti maatomu ephosphorus ane maerekitironi mashanu, erekitironi rimwe rinoshanda zvakanyanya, richigadzira N(negative) mhando semiconductors. Iwo yeyero ndiwo phosphorus nuclei, uye iwo matsvuku ndiwo maerekitironi akawandisa. Sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pasi apa.
P-type semiconductors ine mamwe maburi, nepo N-type semiconductors ine maerekitironi akawanda, zvekuti kana P-type neN-type semiconductors zvabatanidzwa, magetsi anogona mutsauko achaumbwa panzvimbo yekusangana, inova PN junction.
Kana P-mhando uye N-mhando semiconductors yabatanidzwa, yakakosha nhete yakatsetseka inoumbwa munzvimbo yepakati pemasemiconductors maviri), uye P-mhando yerutivi rweiyo interface inopomerwa zvakaipa uye N-mhando yedivi inopomerwa zvakanaka. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti P-type semiconductors ine maburi akawanda, uye N-mhando semiconductors ine akawanda emahara maerekitironi, uye pane mutsauko wekutarisa. Maerekitironi munharaunda yeN anopararira munzvimbo yeP, uye maburi ari munharaunda yeP anopararira munharaunda yeN, achiita "munda wemagetsi wemukati" unotungamirirwa kubva kuN kusvika kuP, nokudaro kudzivirira kupararira kuenderera mberi. Mushure mekusvika pakuenzanisa, iyo yakakosha yakatetepa layer inoumbwa kuti iite mutsauko ungangoita, inova PN junction.
Kana chipenga chaiswa chiedza, maburi eN-type semiconductor muPN junction anoenda kunharaunda yerudzi rweP, uye maerekitironi ari munharaunda yerudzi rweP anoenda kunzvimbo yerudzi rweN, zvoita kuti pave nezvino kubva. nharaunda yeN-mhando kunharaunda yeP-mhando. Ipapo musiyano unogona kuumbwa muPN junction, iyo inoumba magetsi.